Introduction
A massive Saharan dust cloud, locally known as calima, has swept across Spain’s Canary Islands, including Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, and Tenerife. The phenomenon, expected to last through the weekend, has prompted health warnings from Spanish authorities due to poor air quality and respiratory risks.
This article explains what a calima is, its health impacts, and essential precautions for residents and visitors.
What Is a Calima?
A calima occurs when strong winds carry fine sand and dust particles from the Sahara Desert across the Atlantic, blanketing the Canary Islands in a hazy, orange-tinted fog.
Key Characteristics of a Calima:
- Reduced visibility (sometimes drastically)
- Dust settling on surfaces (cars, buildings, etc.)
- Warmer temperatures due to trapped heat
- Increased air pollution (PM10 and PM2.5 particles)
According to Wikipedia, calimas are common in the Canaries and can last several days.
Health Risks of the Saharan Dust Cloud
Who Is Most at Risk?
The Spanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) has issued warnings as the dust particles can irritate the respiratory system. High-risk groups include:
- Children (developing lungs more vulnerable)
- Elderly individuals (weaker immune systems)
- People with asthma, COPD, or other respiratory conditions
Increased Hospital Admissions
Studies show that Saharan dust events lead to a 22.6% rise in emergency respiratory hospitalizations in the Canary Islands (Archivos de Bronconeumología).
Fine PM2.5 particles can penetrate deep into the lungs, worsening:
- Asthma attacks
- Bronchitis
- Allergic reactions
- Cardiovascular stress
Safety Precautions During a Calima
1. Stay Indoors When Possible
- Keep windows and doors closed to prevent dust from entering.
- Use air purifiers with HEPA filters if available.
2. Wear Protective Masks Outside
- N95 or FFP2 masks help filter out harmful particles.
- Avoid strenuous outdoor activities (running, cycling).
3. Hydrate and Monitor Symptoms
- Dust can cause dry throat, coughing, and eye irritation.
- People with respiratory conditions should keep inhalers and medications handy.
4. Clean Surfaces Frequently
- Wipe down dust-covered furniture, cars, and electronics.
- Use a damp cloth to avoid spreading particles.
For real-time updates, check AEMET’s official website.
Weather Forecast & Travel Impact
Current Conditions
- Visibility: Significantly reduced
- Temperature: Mild (~22°C / 72°F)
- Air Quality Index (AQI): Poor in affected areas
Flight & Travel Disruptions
- Airports may experience delays due to low visibility.
- Ferry services could be affected by rough seas from accompanying winds.
Check with Canarian Weekly for local advisories.
Conclusion: Stay Informed & Protected
The Saharan dust cloud (calima) poses real health risks, especially for vulnerable groups. By limiting exposure, wearing masks, and monitoring air quality updates, residents and tourists can stay safe.
Key Takeaways:
✅ Calima = Saharan dust storm affecting the Canary Islands.
⚠️ High-risk groups: Children, elderly, and those with respiratory illnesses.
🛡️ Precautions: Stay indoors, use masks, keep medications ready.
For further reading:
Stay safe and follow official health guidelines during this event!
